The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.